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certain

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 ['sɜːt(ə)n; -tɪn]
  • 美式音标 [ˈsɝː.tən]
  • 国际音标 ['sə:tən]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • adj.确定的；肯定的；某事；某人；某种；（与人名连用；表示不认识此人）一位叫...；特定的；轻微的；微小的
  • pron.某些；某几个

词源解说

  • 1300年左右进入英语，直接源自古法语的certain；最初源自拉丁语的certus，意为确定的。

词根记忆

  • cert(搞清) + (t)ain(拿住)→对搞清楚的事情很有把握→确定的

同根派生

  • adv性质的同根词
    certainly：当然；行（用于回答）；必定。
  • n性质的同根词
    certainty：必然；确实；确实的事情。

用法辨析

    adj. (形容词)

  • certain的基本意思是“确信无疑的”或“毋庸置疑的”,即“肯定的,确信的”,在句中常用作表语。其后可接动词不定式,表示“相信(某人)会做某事”。
  • certain的另一个意思是“某一,某种”,在句中只能用作定语,常与不定冠词a连用,修饰单、复数名词或抽象名词,表示“因故而未加具体说明的人、物、地点、时间等”。
  • be certain用于祈使句,意思是“一定要设法办到…”。
  • It is/was certain that...表示说话人的看法，其中certain 不可用certainly或sure代替。在否定句中,多接以疑问词whether,what,how等引导的从句。
  • certain前不能用very或extremely修饰,如需强调可用absolutely或completely等词修饰。
  • 短语动词make certain的意思是“弄确实,弄清楚”,其后可接of引起的动名词短语或that从句。
  • certain表示“某个，某些”时，作形容词或代词，如a certain friend of his或certain of his；
  • certain作形容词表示“一些”时，常修饰抽象名词，如a certain hesitation，a certain coldness；

英汉例句

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    用作定语: ～+ n.

  • A certain person called on me yesterday.
    昨天有人来找过我。

    • 用作表语: S+be+～

  • His ear for music was certain.
    他对音乐的鉴赏力毋庸置疑。

    • S+be+～+to- v

  • We are certain to win the game.
    我们一定能打胜这场比赛。

    • S+be+～+(that/)wh-clause

  • I'm certain that he had seen me.
    我敢肯定他看见我了。

    • It is/was+～+to- v

  • It is certain to rain.
    (我们相信)天一定会下雨。

    • It is/was+～+(that/)wh-clause

  • It is now certain that he won the election.
    他在本次选举中获胜现在确定无疑。

词组短语

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    ～+名词

  • certain circumstance 某种情况
  • certain extent 一定程度上
  • certain reason 某种理由
  • certain year 某年

    • 副词+～

  • absolutely certain 绝对肯定
  • almost certain 几乎可以肯定的

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (WITHOUT DOUBT) having no doubt or knowing exactly that something is true, or known to be true, correct, exact, or effective
  • (EXTREMELY LIKELY) impossible to avoid or extremely likely
  • (NAMED) named but neither famous nor known well
  • (LIMITED) limited
  • particular but not named or described
  • some

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • If you are certain about something, you firmly believe it is true and have no doubt about it. If you are not certain about something, you do not have definite knowledge about it.
  • If you say that something is certain to happen, you mean that it will definitely happen.
  • If you say that something is certain, you firmly believe that it is true, or have definite knowledge about it.
  • If you know something for certain, you have no doubt at all about it.
  • If you make certain that something is the way you want or expect it to be, you take action to ensure that it is.
  • You use certain to indicate that you are referring to one particular thing, person, or group, although you are not saying exactly which it is.
  • You use a certain to indicate that something such as a quality or condition exists, and often to suggest that it is not great in amount or degree.
  • When you refer to certain of a group of people or things, you are referring to some particular members of that group.

专业释义

    经济学

  • 确定性

    Cautious decision makers in campus are easier disturbed by framing and certain factors.
    保守型大学生比冒险型更容易受到框架方式和确定性因素的干扰。

    计算机科学技术

  • 确定的