94生活常识网有道词典

challenge

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 ['tʃælɪn(d)ʒ]
  • 美式音标 [ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n.挑战；邀请比赛；盘问；质疑
  • v.向 ... 挑战；盘问；质疑

词源解说

  • 1292年进入英语，直接源自古法语的chalenge，意为争论；最初源自拉丁语的calumnia，意为诡计，花招。

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    challenging：挑战的；引起挑战性兴趣的。
    challengeable：挑战性的。
  • n性质的同根词
    challenger：挑战者。
  • v性质的同根词
    challenging：要求；质疑；反对；向…挑战；盘问（challenge的ing形式）。

用法辨析

    n. (名词)

  • challenge用作名词的基本意思是“挑战,邀请比赛”。引申可指“具有挑战性的事物”“艰巨的任务”; 也可指对某事的正确性或合法性的“质疑”; 还可指哨兵发出的“止步命令,喝停盘问”。
  • challenge常与介词to连用,引出挑战的对象。
  • challenge可接动词不定式，表示“提出…的挑战”。

    • v. (动词)

  • challenge用作动词的基本意思是“挑战”,指通过决斗或其他较量方式解决争端。引申指对某事的正确性、合法性提出“质疑”; 也可指“考验某人的能力”“激发某人做某事”; 还可指哨兵“喝令站住”,盘问诸如身份、姓名、意图等; 亦指“要求”“需要”。
  • challenge是及物动词,可接名词、代词或从句作宾语,也可接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。
  • challenged同challenging都为形容词，前者表示“受到挑战的”，后者表示“挑战性的，激发人们思考或行动的”。
  • 要表示“向某人挑战，和某人比试”时，用challenge sb to sth,这里介词to不改为with。He challenged me to a debate. 他向我挑战，要和我比试辩论。

英汉例句

    用作名词 (n.)

  • Exploring outer space is a challenge to mankind.
    探索外太空是一项向人类发出的挑战。

    • 用作动词 (v.)

    用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • I did not think he was right, so I challenged him.
    我认为他是不对的,因此向他提出质疑。

    • S+～+wh-clause

  • He challenged why I didn't get things ready before.
    他质问我为什么不早点准备。

    • 用作宾补动词: S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

  • I challenge you to show your proof.
    我要求你拿出证据来。

词组短语

    用作名词 (n.)

    动词+～

  • accept a challenge 应战
  • face an challenge 面临着挑战
  • give a challenge 挑战
  • meet the challenge 迎接挑战；满足要求
  • pose challenges 提出挑战

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (DIFFICULT JOB) (the situation of being faced with) something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability
  • (INVITATION) an invitation to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument
  • (QUESTION) asking if something is true or legal
  • (INSTRUCTION) an instruction given by a soldier or guard at a border or gate, telling someone to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there
  • (REFUSAL) the act of refusing to accept someone as a member of a jury
  • (INVITE) to invite someone to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument
  • (DOUBT) to question if something is true or legal
  • (TEST) to test someone's ability or determination
  • (STOP) to tell someone at a border or gate to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there
  • (REFUSE TO ACCEPT) to refuse to accept someone as a member of a jury

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • A challenge is something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination.
  • A challenge to something is a questioning of its truth or value. A challenge to someone is a questioning of their authority.
  • If someone rises to the challenge, they act in response to a difficult situation which is new to them and are successful.
  • If you challenge ideas or people, you question their truth, value, or authority.
  • If you challenge someone, you invite them to fight or compete with you in some way.
  • Challenge is also a noun.
  • &rarrsee also challenging

专业释义

    经济学

  • 挑战

    These features challenge the pricing of information goods.
    信息产品的这些特性给其定价提出了挑战。

    法学

  • 挑战

    These changes make policy banks face a new challenge.
    这些改变,使政策性银行面临着新的挑战。

  • 回避

    Secondly,challenge initiation should be improved.
    其次,完善刑事回避的启动程序。

  • (对陪审员的出庭等提出的)反对
  • 对陪审员的合法性表示反对：

    • 农业科学

  • 攻毒

    None I-Il antibody were detected in the control or fowlpox virus immunized chickens before or after immunization or challenge.
    对照组鸡免疫和攻毒前后无HI抗体检出。

    文学

  • 质疑

    It studies the most important characteristic of the postmodern-the challenge to totalizing and universalizing truths.
    首先揭示后现代最基本的特征―对无所不包，无所不适的真理的质疑。

    医药科学

  • 激发

    The control mice received saline injection and intranasal challenge instead of the OVA solution.
    对照组因每组致敏、激发时间采用生理盐水进行致敏和激发。

    生物学

  • 攻击

    • 军事学

  • 向…查问口令；盘问：

    • 新闻学与传播学

  • 叫板

    • 计算机科学技术

  • 挑战