94生活常识网有道词典

drill

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [drɪl]
  • 美式音标 [drɪl]
  • 国际音标 [dril]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 训练；钻孔机；钻子；播种机；演习
  • vi. 钻孔；训练
  • vt. 钻孔；训练；条播
  • n. (Drill)人名；(德、英)德里尔

词源解说

  • 直接源自中古荷兰语的drillen，意为钻孔。

词根记忆

  • dr + ill(生病的)→生病了不能训练→训练
  • dr + ill(生病的)→生病了还坚持训练→训练
  • dr(看做dry，干燥的) + ill(生病的)→生病了还坚持训练→训练

同根派生

  • n性质的同根词
    drilling：钻孔；训练，教练；演练。
  • v性质的同根词
    drilling：钻孔；训练（drill的ing形式）。

用法辨析

    n. (名词)

  • drill用作名词的基本意思是“钻头,钻床”,指的是一种用来钻孔的工具或机器,是可数名词。
  • drill还可作“操练,训练”解,在表示具体的“操练”时,用作可数名词。反复多次的“操练”可用复数形式; 在表示抽象意义的“操练”时,多用作不可数名词。
  • drill引申还可作“规定程序; 正确方法; 常规”解,主要用于英式英语中。

    • v. (动词)

  • drill可作“钻孔”解,指用装有尖锐旋转工具的器械在坚硬的物质上钻孔,此时既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词。
  • drill常用的意思是“操练,训练”,指严格地、反复地、系统地训练、操练等,有时特指军事操练,即“训练士兵的一系列动作”或“按照拟订模式重复练习某一学习内容”,强调养成某种身体上的或思想上的习惯,就像用钻钻得很深一样。
  • drill作“操作”“训练”解时可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词,可接名词或代词作宾语,其宾语用来表示训练的对象,而训练的内容有时用介词in引出。
  • drill常用于被动结构。

英汉例句

    用作名词 (n.)

  • He used a drill to bore a hole in the door.
    他用钻在门上钻孔。

    • 用作动词 (v.)

    用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)

  • The worker was drilling.
    那工人在用钻孔机钻孔。

    • 用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • The bullet drilled him right between the eyes.
    子弹正好穿过他的眉心。

词组短语

    用作名词 (n.)

    动词+～

  • carry out drill 进行训练
  • have drill 操练
  • operate drill 操作钻机
  • perform drill 进行训练
  • receive a drill 接受训练

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (TOOL) a tool or machine that makes holes
  • (REGULAR ACTIVITY) an activity that practises a particular skill and often involves repeating the same thing several times, especially a military exercise intended to train soldiers
  • (MAKE HOLE) to make a hole in something using a special tool
  • (PRACTISE) to practise something, especially military exercises, or to make someone do this

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • A drill is a tool or machine that you use for making holes.
  • A drill is a routine exercise or activity, in which people practise what they should do in dangerous situations.
  • When you drill into something or drill a hole in something, you make a hole in it using a drill.
  • When people drill for oil or water, they search for it by drilling deep holes in the ground or in the bottom of the sea.
  • A drill is repeated training for a group of people, especially soldiers, so that they can do something quickly and efficiently.
  • to teach by rigorous exercises or training
  • a machine for planting seeds in rows or depositing fertilizer
  • to plant (seeds) by means of a drill
  • a hard-wearing twill-weave cotton cloth, used for uniforms, etc
  • an Old World monkey, Mandrillus leucophaeus, of W Africa, related to the mandrill but smaller and less brightly coloured