instruct
音标发音
- 英式音标 [ɪnˈstrʌkt]
- 美式音标 [ɪnˈstrʌkt]
- 国际音标 [in'strʌkt]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- v.教;命令;指导;[计] 指示
词源解说
- 直接源自拉丁语的instructus,意为教。
词根记忆
- in + struct(建筑)→指示人如何建筑→指示
- in + struct(建筑)→教人如何建筑→教授
- in(使…) + struct(建造)→命令…建造→命令
- in + struct(建造)→指示人如何建造→指示
- in + struct(看作strict,严厉的)→教不严,师之惰→教导
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- instructive:有益的;教育性的。
- instructional:教学的;指导的,教育的。
- adv性质的同根词
- instructively:有益地;教育地。
- n性质的同根词
- instruction:指令,命令;指示;教导;用法说明。
- instructor:指导书;教员;指导者。
- instructress:女教师;女指导。
用法辨析
- instruct的基本意思是“命令,指示”,多指上级对下级发号施令,也可指“教,讲授”,引申可指“通知”。
- instruct多接指人的名词或代词作宾语,作“通知”解时还可接双宾语,其直接宾语可由that从句充当。instruct还可接以带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。
v. (动词)
英汉例句
- The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.
那位军士在指导士兵。 - My agent has instructed me that you still owe me £50.
我的代理人通知我,你还欠我50英镑。 - The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.
工会发出指示,不让会员超时工作。 - I instructed him how to do the work.
我教他怎样干这项工作。 - We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.
我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词: S+~+ n./pron.
用作双宾动词: S+~+ n./pron. +that-clause
用作宾补动词: S+~+ n./pron. +to- v
S+~+ n./pron. +wh-to- v
S+~+ n./pron. +wh-clause
词组短语
- instruct soldier 命令士兵
- instruct students 指导学生
- instruct diligently 辛勤指导
- instruct formally 正式通知
- instruct tediously 令人厌烦地讲授
- instruct sb about sth 就某事给某人以指导; instruct in向…讲授…
- explicitly instruct 明示
- instruct pupils 教导学生
用作动词 (v.)
~+名词
~+副词
~+介词
短语
英英字典
- (ORDER) to order or tell someone to do something, especially in a formal way
- (TEACH) to teach someone how to do something
- If you instruct someone to do something, you formally tell them to do it.
- Someone who instructs people in a subject or skill teaches it to them.
剑桥英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
专业释义
- 指导;通知;命令;教授
- 指示
- 指令