spoil
音标发音
- 英式音标 [spɒɪlspɔɪl]
- 美式音标 [spɔɪl]
- 英式发音
- 美式发音
基本解释
- vt. 溺爱;糟蹋;破坏;掠夺
- vi. 掠夺;变坏;腐败
- n. 次品;奖品
词根记忆
- 破坏(spoil)土地(soil),损人不利己
同根派生
- adj性质的同根词
- spoilt:宠坏的;损坏的。
- n性质的同根词
- spoilage:损坏,糟蹋;掠夺;损坏物。
- spoiler:扰流器;掠夺者;损坏者。
- v性质的同根词
- spoilt:宠坏;毁坏(spoil的过去式及过去分词)。
用法辨析
- spoil的基本意思是“变坏,腐烂”或“破坏,损坏”,使物体在外形、用途、力量、精力、价值等方面损坏,含有彻底损坏而不能补救的意味。引申可作“溺爱”“惯坏”解,强调过分骄纵而对性格、性情的损害,也可作“把事情搞糟”或“使人扫兴”解。
- spoil还可作“抢劫; 强夺”解,过去式、过去分词只用spoiled。
- spoil可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
- spoil后接介词by表示“因…而毁坏; 因…而宠坏”; be spoiling for的意思是“一心想,切望”。
- spoil的过去分词spoilt可用作形容词,在句中作定语。
- spoil的过去式和过去分词均可为spoilt或spoiled。
- spoil可作复数或不可数名词。
v. (动词)
n. (名词)
英汉例句
- Some kinds of food soon spoil.
有些食物易变质。 - Try not to spoil any material.
设法别糟蹋材料。 - He is a spoilt child.
他是个惯坏了的孩子。 - There is some spoils of war in his hands.
在他的手里有些战利品。
用作动词 (v.)
用作不及物动词: S+~(+A)
用作及物动词: S+~+ n./pron.
其他
用作名词 (n.)
词组短语
- spoil sb 's fun 使某人扫兴
- spoil a holiday 使假日过得不好
- spoil a plan 打乱计划
- spoil the pleasure 扫兴
- spoil a sheet of paper 糟蹋一张纸
用作动词 (v.)
~+名词
英英字典
- (DESTROY) to destroy or reduce the pleasure, interest, or beauty of something
- (TREAT WELL) to treat someone very or too well, especially by being extremely generous
- (CHILD) to allow a child to do or have everything that it wants to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants and does not show respect to other people
- (EARTH) earth, stones, etc. dug out from a hole in the ground
- (PROFITS) goods, advantages, profits, etc. that you get by your actions or because of your position or situation
- If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory.
- If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child's character.
- If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them.
- If food spoils or if it is spoiled, it is no longer fit to be eaten.
- If you say that someone is spoiled for choice or spoilt for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from.
剑桥英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
专业释义
- 弃土
- 废石
- 宠坏
- 损坏