94生活常识网有道词典

sponge

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [spʌn(d)ʒ]
  • 美式音标 [spʌndʒ]
  • 国际音标 [spʌndʒ]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 海绵；人造海绵；擦拭；海绵动物；海绵填料，海绵绝缘物质；（浸满杀精子剂的）海绵避孕栓；（非正式）大量饮酒的人；金属绵，海绵金属；海绵蛋糕，松软布丁；（非正式）吃白食的人，揩油者
  • v. 用海绵擦拭；用海绵（湿布）抹掉；用海绵涂油漆；（非正式）白吃白拿，揩油

词源解说

  • 直接源自古英语的sponge；最初源自拉丁语的spongia，意为海绵。

词根记忆

  • “死胖子”→海绵吸饱水活像个死胖子→海绵
  • “死胖子”→海绵吸饱水像个死胖子→海绵

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    spongy：海绵状的；轻软的；多孔而有弹性的；有吸水性的。
  • n性质的同根词
    sponger：使用海绵擦拭的人；海绵采集者；寄生虫。
    sponginess：海绵状；海绵质。

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • sponge用作名词的意思是“海绵”,转化为动词意思是“用海绵揩拭或吸去”。引申可作“清除”“骗取”解。
  • sponge可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语。
  • sponge后常接on, upon, off或from表示毫无顾忌地、恬不知耻地依赖别人生活,常用于口语。sponge后接介词off或from也可表示“骗取”。

英汉例句

    用作动词 (v.)

    用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • She sponged the boy's wound.
    她用棉球擦洗那男孩的伤口。

词组短语

    用作动词 (v.)

    ～+副词

  • sponge away 〔down〕 用海绵擦去
  • sponge off 用海绵擦去
  • sponge out a memory 抹除记忆
  • sponge up the mess 用海绵吸去污水

    • ～+介词

  • sponge oneself in the bath 在浴缸里用海绵擦身洗澡
  • sponge sth off the car 用海绵拭去车上的某物

    • 短语

  • sponge rubber 海绵状橡皮

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (SUBSTANCE) a soft substance that is full of small holes and can absorb a lot of liquid, and is used for washing and cleaning
  • (CAKE) a soft cake made with eggs, sugar, and flour but usually no fat
  • (GET MONEY) to get money, food, etc. from other people, especially in order to live without working
  • (CLEAN) to rub something or someone with a wet sponge or cloth, especially to clean it, him, or her

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • Sponge is a very light soft substance with lots of little holes in it, which can be either artificial or natural. It is used to clean things or as a soft layer.
  • A sponge is a piece of sponge that you use for washing yourself or for cleaning things.
  • If you sponge something, you clean it by wiping it with a wet sponge.
  • Sponge down means the same as .
  • If you say that someone sponges off other people or sponges on them, you mean that they regularly get money from other people when they should be trying to support themselves.
  • A sponge is a light cake or pudding made from flour, eggs, sugar, and sometimes shortening.

专业释义

    医药科学

  • 海绵

    Objective: To observe the effect of hemostasis sponge (Stypro) to prevent the dry socket after exodontias.
    目的：临床使用斯泰可Stypro止血海绵预防拔牙后干槽症。

    机械工程

  • 海棉

    • 交通运输工程

  • 海绵

    • 计算机科学技术

  • 海绵

    • 生物学

  • 海绵

    • 地球科学

  • 海绵体
  • 海绵状物