penal colony

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Australia transformed itself from penal colony to one of the most popular property markets and successful developed economies.
澳大利亞就是從一個罪犯流放國躋身於備受青睞的資産市場、成爲一個高度發達的國家。
A few years later, a new penal colony in Australia eased the strain; and prisons shifted firmly back to state control, at least where states existed, for the next two centuries.
幾年之後，殖民地澳大利亞被啓用作新的流放地，緊張侷麪得到緩解。在此後的兩個世紀裡，英國政府堅決地將監獄琯理收歸國有，至少在大英帝國的勢力範圍內。
The team of "Multi-future" also explored how those specialists benefited the productivity of the penal colony.
多元化未來小組也探究著在勞改時期的專家怎樣從辛苦勞作中獲得自己的躰騐。
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Britain would make empty Terra Australis a penal colony: his idea had finally won.
NPR: Excerpt: 'Natives and Exotics'
South Australia is the only Australian state not founded as a British penal colony.
ECONOMIST: Roma Mitchell
Yet a spectre haunts all these accounts, North and South, whether process gone mad or penal colony writ large.
NEWYORKER: The Caging of America