94生活常识网有道词典

subject

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt, səbˈdʒekt]
  • 美式音标 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt, səbˈdʒekt]
  • 国际音标 ['sʌbdʒikt, -dʒe-, səb'dʒekt]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 主题；起因；科目；主词；（绘画、摄影等的）题材；实验对象；主语；国民；主旋律；主体；中心实体
  • adj. 易遭受……的；有待于……的；受……支配的；受异族统治的；臣服的
  • adv. 在……的条件下
  • v. （使）臣服

词源解说

  • 14世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古法语的suget，意为平民，臣民；最初源自拉丁语的subjectus：sub （往下） + jacere (放置），意为放置其下。

词根记忆

  • sub(在…下面) + ject(投，掷)→被投掷在他人之下→受…支配的
  • sub(在下面) + ject(扔)→被扔在下面→受制于

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    subjective：主观的；个人的；自觉的。
    subjectivist：主观主义的。
  • adv性质的同根词
    subjectively：主观地；臆想地；内省地。
  • n性质的同根词
    subjectivity：主观性，主观。
    subjection：隶属；服从；征服。
    subjectivism：主观主义；主观性。
    subjectivist：主观主义者。
  • vt性质的同根词
    subjugate：征服；使服从；克制。

用法辨析

    n. (名词)

  • subject是可数名词,基本意思是“主题,题目”,指文章或其他作品的题目或主题,引申可表示“话题,考虑的问题”“科目,学科”。在语法术语中也可作“主语”解。
  • subject还可作“臣民,人民”解,一般指君主国的臣民百姓或国民。
  • subject接介词for可表示“…的原因或理由”。

    • v. (动词)

  • subject用作动词的意思是“征服,使服从”,指通过自身的权威使某人或某物处于自己的影响或控制之下或使某人或某物受自己的支配。引申可指“使遭受,经历”。
  • subject多用作及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。
  • subject后接介词to可表示“遭受…”,也可以表示“处于…的控制下”。

    • adj. (形容词)

  • subject用作形容词的基本意思是“易受…的,倾向于…的,易患…的,可能(有)…的”,在句中只能作表语,常与to连用。
  • subject还可作“隶属于…的,受…支配的”解,指须服从某事物或某人或受某事物或某人支配,在句中常用作表语; subject还可指政治上“不独立的”,在句中常用作定语。
  • subject to引出的形容词短语,还可在句子中作状语,意为“在…条件下”“取决于…”。
  • subject无比较级和最高级形式。

英汉例句

    用作名词 (n.)

  • This is a book on the subject of love.
    这是一部以爱情为主题的书。

    • ～+for n./pron.

  • He proposed a subject for the debate.
    他提出一辩论题目。

    • 用作动词 (v.)

    用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • The Aztecs subjected the neighbouring tribes.
    阿兹特克人征服了邻近的部落。

    • 用作形容词 (adj.)

    用作定语: ～+ n.

  • This is a subject tribe
    这是个受他人统治的部落。

    • 用作表语: S+be+～+to n.

  • He is subject to fever.
    他易发烧。

    • 用作状语

  • Subject to your consent,I will try again.
    你要是同意,我再试一试。

词组短语

    用作名词 (n.)

    动词+～

  • address a subject 提出问题
  • avoid a subject 回避问题
  • bring up a subject 提出问题〔主题,学科〕
  • change the subject 改变话题
  • choose a subject 选择题目〔学科〕

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (AREA OF DISCUSSION) the thing that is being discussed, considered, or studied
  • (AREA OF STUDY) an area of knowledge that is studied in school, college, or university
  • (STORY/PAINTING) a person, thing, or situation that is written about in a book, article, etc. or shown in a picture, etc.
  • (GRAMMAR) the person or thing that performs the action of a verb, or is joined to a description by a verb
  • (PERSON) a person who lives in or who has the right to live in a particular country, especially a country with a king or queen
  • to defeat people or a country and then control them against their wishes and limit their freedom
  • (HAVING) to have or experience a particular thing, especially something unpleasant
  • (DEPEND) only able to happen if something else happens
  • (GOVERN) under the political control of another country or state

    • 柯林斯英英字典

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  • Someone or something that is the subject of criticism, study, or an investigation is being criticized, studied, or investigated.
  • A subject is an area of knowledge or study, especially one that you study in school, or college.
  • In an experiment or piece of research, the subject is the person or animal that is being tested or studied.
  • An artist's subjects are the people, animals, or objects that he or she paints, models, or photographs.
  • In grammar, the subject of a clause is the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb. For example, in "My cat keeps catching birds," "my cat" is the subject.
  • To be subject to something means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it.
  • If someone is subject to a particular set of rules or laws, they have to obey those rules or laws.
  • If you subject someone to something unpleasant, you make them experience it.
  • The people who live in or belong to a particular country, usually one ruled by a monarch, are the subjects of that monarch or country.
  • When someone involved in a conversation changes the subject, they start talking about something else, often because the previous subject was embarrassing.
  • If an event will take place subject to a condition, it will take place only if that thing happens.