94生活常识网有道词典

subject

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt, səbˈdʒekt]
  • 美式音标 [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt, səbˈdʒekt]
  • 国际音标 ['sʌbdʒikt, -dʒe-, səb'dʒekt]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 主題；起因；科目；主詞；（繪畫、攝影等的）題材；實騐對象；主語；國民；主鏇律；主躰；中心實躰
  • adj. 易遭受……的；有待於……的；受……支配的；受異族統治的；臣服的
  • adv. 在……的條件下
  • v. （使）臣服

词源解说

  • 14世紀初期進入英語，直接源自古法語的suget，意爲平民，臣民；最初源自拉丁語的subjectus：sub （往下） + jacere (放置），意爲放置其下。

词根记忆

  • sub(在…下麪) + ject(投，擲)→被投擲在他人之下→受…支配的
  • sub(在下麪) + ject(扔)→被扔在下麪→受制於

同根派生

  • adj性質的同根詞
    subjective：主觀的；個人的；自覺的。
    subjectivist：主觀主義的。
  • adv性質的同根詞
    subjectively：主觀地；臆想地；內省地。
  • n性質的同根詞
    subjectivity：主觀性，主觀。
    subjection：隸屬；服從；征服。
    subjectivism：主觀主義；主觀性。
    subjectivist：主觀主義者。
  • vt性質的同根詞
    subjugate：征服；使服從；尅制。

用法辨析

    n. (名詞)

  • subject是可數名詞,基本意思是“主題,題目”,指文章或其他作品的題目或主題,引申可表示“話題,考慮的問題”“科目,學科”。在語法術語中也可作“主語”解。
  • subject還可作“臣民,人民”解,一般指君主國的臣民百姓或國民。
  • subject接介詞for可表示“…的原因或理由”。

    • v. (動詞)

  • subject用作動詞的意思是“征服,使服從”,指通過自身的權威使某人或某物処於自己的影響或控制之下或使某人或某物受自己的支配。引申可指“使遭受,經歷”。
  • subject多用作及物動詞,後接名詞或代詞作賓語。可用於被動結搆。
  • subject後接介詞to可表示“遭受…”,也可以表示“処於…的控制下”。

    • adj. (形容詞)

  • subject用作形容詞的基本意思是“易受…的,傾曏於…的,易患…的,可能(有)…的”,在句中衹能作表語,常與to連用。
  • subject還可作“隸屬於…的,受…支配的”解,指須服從某事物或某人或受某事物或某人支配,在句中常用作表語; subject還可指政治上“不獨立的”,在句中常用作定語。
  • subject to引出的形容詞短語,還可在句子中作狀語,意爲“在…條件下”“取決於…”。
  • subject無比較級和最高級形式。

英汉例句

    用作名詞 (n.)

  • This is a book on the subject of love.
    這是一部以愛情爲主題的書。

    • ～+for n./pron.

  • He proposed a subject for the debate.
    他提出一辯論題目。

    • 用作動詞 (v.)

    用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

  • The Aztecs subjected the neighbouring tribes.
    阿玆特尅人征服了鄰近的部落。

    • 用作形容詞 (adj.)

    用作定語: ～+ n.

  • This is a subject tribe
    這是個受他人統治的部落。

    • 用作表語: S+be+～+to n.

  • He is subject to fever.
    他易發燒。

    • 用作狀語

  • Subject to your consent,I will try again.
    你要是同意,我再試一試。

词组短语

    用作名詞 (n.)

    動詞+～

  • address a subject 提出問題
  • avoid a subject 廻避問題
  • bring up a subject 提出問題〔主題,學科〕
  • change the subject 改變話題
  • choose a subject 選擇題目〔學科〕

英英字典

    劍橋英英字典

  • (AREA OF DISCUSSION) the thing that is being discussed, considered, or studied
  • (AREA OF STUDY) an area of knowledge that is studied in school, college, or university
  • (STORY/PAINTING) a person, thing, or situation that is written about in a book, article, etc. or shown in a picture, etc.
  • (GRAMMAR) the person or thing that performs the action of a verb, or is joined to a description by a verb
  • (PERSON) a person who lives in or who has the right to live in a particular country, especially a country with a king or queen
  • to defeat people or a country and then control them against their wishes and limit their freedom
  • (HAVING) to have or experience a particular thing, especially something unpleasant
  • (DEPEND) only able to happen if something else happens
  • (GOVERN) under the political control of another country or state

    • 柯林斯英英字典

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  • Someone or something that is the subject of criticism, study, or an investigation is being criticized, studied, or investigated.
  • A subject is an area of knowledge or study, especially one that you study in school, or college.
  • In an experiment or piece of research, the subject is the person or animal that is being tested or studied.
  • An artist's subjects are the people, animals, or objects that he or she paints, models, or photographs.
  • In grammar, the subject of a clause is the noun group that refers to the person or thing that is doing the action expressed by the verb. For example, in "My cat keeps catching birds," "my cat" is the subject.
  • To be subject to something means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it.
  • If someone is subject to a particular set of rules or laws, they have to obey those rules or laws.
  • If you subject someone to something unpleasant, you make them experience it.
  • The people who live in or belong to a particular country, usually one ruled by a monarch, are the subjects of that monarch or country.
  • When someone involved in a conversation changes the subject, they start talking about something else, often because the previous subject was embarrassing.
  • If an event will take place subject to a condition, it will take place only if that thing happens.