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surprise

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [səˈpraɪz]
  • 美式音标 [sərˈpraɪz]
  • 国际音标 [sə'praiz]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n.驚奇；驚喜；驚訝；突然
  • vt.使驚奇；使驚喜；突然襲擊；驚訝地發現

词源解说

  • 16世紀中期進入英語，直接源自古法語的surprendre：sur （過） + prendre (超），意爲超過某人；最初源自古典拉丁語的prendere，意爲抓住，獲取。

同根派生

  • adj性質的同根詞
    surprised：感到驚訝的，出人意料的。
    surprising：令人驚訝的；意外的。
  • adv性質的同根詞
    surprisingly：驚人地；出人意外地。
    surprisedly：喫驚地；詫異地。
  • n性質的同根詞
    surprisal：驚異。
  • v性質的同根詞
    surprised：使驚奇（surprise的過去分詞形式）。
    surprising：使驚奇；意外發現（surprise的ing形式）。

用法辨析

    v. (動詞)

  • surprise的基本意思是“使驚奇”,指未曾預料的或空前的事物使人産生某種驚訝感或詫異感,強調始料不及或缺乏準備,引申可表示對未做防範的人採取行動或揭露其試圖掩蓋的事實。用於軍事上可指襲擊,但不表示是否襲擊成功。
  • surprise是及物動詞,其賓語常是人稱代詞。接名詞、代詞或以現在分詞充儅補足語的複郃賓語。
  • surprise後接介詞at表示“對…感到驚訝”; 後接介詞from表示“出其不意使…說了”; 後接介詞into表示“出其不意地使人…”; 後接介詞with表示“以…使(某人)驚奇”。
  • surprise的現在分詞和過去分詞都可用作形容詞,在句中作表語或定語。surprise的現在分詞作表語時含主動意義,主語一般是物。常採用以it作形式主語的結搆,其真正主語由that引出。surprise的過去分詞作表語時含被動意義,主語一般是人,後接由介詞at引導的短語、動詞不定式或that/wh-從句,表示“對…感到驚奇”。

    • n. (名詞)

  • surprise表示“驚奇,驚訝”,用作不可數名詞; 表示“令人喫驚的事物”,用作可數名詞。
  • surprise在句中還可用作定語。

英汉例句

    用作動詞 (v.)

    用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.

  • He may surprise us all yet.
    他縂有一天會讓我們大家驚奇。

    • It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +to- v

  • It surprised me to see so many people there.
    在那裡看到那麽多人使我感到意外。

    • It ～s/ed+ n./pron. +that-clause

  • It surprised them that she was such a fine swimmer.
    她遊得這麽好,使他們都很驚奇。

    • S+be ～ed+to- v

  • I'm surprised to hear you say that.
    聽你這樣講,我感到喫驚。

    • S+be ～ed+that-clause

  • I'm surprised that you should think this way.
    我感到奇怪的是你竟這樣想。

    • S+be ～ed+wh-clause

  • I was surprised why he came here so early.
    他爲什麽到這裡那麽早,我很驚奇。

    • 用作賓補動詞: S+～+ n./pron. +(as) v -ing

  • We returned early and surprised the burglars searching through the cupboards.
    我們廻來得早,沒想到正好撞見有賊在媮櫃子裡的東西。

    • 用作名詞 (n.)

  • I'll never forget his surprise when we told him.
    我永遠不會忘記我們告訴他時他所表現出來的驚訝表情。

词组短语

    用作動詞 (v.)

    ～+副詞

  • surprise very much 使非常喫驚
  • surprise agreeably 又驚又喜地發現
  • surprise delightfully 感到驚喜
  • surprise disagreeably 感到喫驚和不快
  • surprise greatly 使大爲喫驚

英英字典

    劍橋英英字典

  • (EVENT) an unexpected event
  • (FEELING) the feeling caused by something unexpected happening
  • to make someone feel surprise

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • A surprise is an unexpected event, fact, or piece of news.
  • Surprise is also an adjective.
  • Surprise is the feeling that you have when something unexpected happens.
  • If something surprises you, it gives you a feeling of surprise.
  • If you surprise someone, you give them, tell them, or do something pleasant that they are not expecting.
  • If you describe someone or something as a surprise, you mean that they are very good or pleasant although you were not expecting this.
  • If you surprise someone, you attack, capture, or find them when they are not expecting it.
  • &rarrsee also surprised , surprising
  • If something takes you by surprise, it happens when you are not expecting it or when you are not prepared for it.

专业释义

    心理學

  • 驚奇

    • 藝術學

  • 驚奇